Unit 12 Aldehydes, Ketones And Carboxylic Acids (Intext Questions-3)

Intext Question

12.3 Arrange the following compounds in increasing order of their boiling points.

${CH_3} {CHO}, {CH_3} {CH_2} {OH}, {CH_3} {OCH_3}, {CH_3} {CH_2} {CH_3}$

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Answer

The molecular masses of the given compounds are in the range 44 to 46 . ${CH_3} {CH_2} {OH}$ undergoes extensive intermolecular ${H}$-bonding, resulting in the association of molecules. Therefore, it has the highest boiling point. ${CH_3} {CHO}$ is more polar than ${CH_3} {OCH_3}$ and so ${CH_3} {CHO}$ has stronger intermolecular dipole - dipole attraction than ${CH_3} {OCH_3}. $ $ {CH_3} {CH_2} {CH_3}$ has only weak van der Waals force. Thus, the arrangement of the given compounds in the increasing order of their boiling points is given by:

${CH_3} {CH_2} {CH_3}<{CH_3} {OCH_3}<{CH_3} {CHO}<{CH_3} {CH_2} {OH}$



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